where:
cst is the average concentration of particulate matter, mg/dscm (gr/dscf)
csi is the concentration of particulate matter from control device “i", mg/dscm (gr/dscf)
n is the total number of control devices tested
Qsdi is the volumetric flow rate of stack gas from control device “i", dscm/hr (dscf/hr)
NR 440.445(6)(f)
(f) To comply with
sub. (5) (c) and
(f) to
(h), the owner or operator shall obtain the information required in these paragraphs during the particulate matter runs.
NR 440.445(6)(g)
(g) Any control device subject to the provisions of this section shall be designed and constructed to allow measurement of emissions using applicable test methods and procedures.
NR 440.445(6)(h)
(h) Where emissions from any EAF or AOD vessel are combined with emissions from facilities not subject to the provisions of this section but controlled by a common capture system and control device the owner or operator may use any of the following procedures during a performance test:
NR 440.445(6)(h)2.
2. Utilize a method acceptable to the department that compensates for the emissions from the facilities not subject to the provisions of this section or;
NR 440.445(6)(i)
(i) Where emissions from any EAF or AOD vessel are combined with emissions from facilities not subject to the provisions of this section determinations of compliance with
sub. (3) (a) 3. will only be based upon emissions originating from the affected facility(ies).
NR 440.445(6)(j)
(j) Unless the presence of inclement weather makes concurrent testing infeasible the owner or operator shall conduct concurrently the performance tests required under
s. NR 440.08 to demonstrate compliance with
sub. (3) (a) 1.,
2. and
3.
NR 440.445(7)(a)(a) Records of the measurements required in
sub. (5) must be retained for at least 2 years following the date of the measurement.
NR 440.445(7)(b)
(b) Each owner or operator shall submit a written report of exceedances of the control device opacity to the department semiannually. For the purposes of these reports exceedances are defined as all 6-minute periods during which the average opacity is 3% or greater.
NR 440.445(7)(c)
(c) Operation at a furnace static pressure that exceeds the value established under
sub. (5) (g) and either operation of control system fan motor amperes at values exceeding
" 15% of the value established under
sub. (5) (c) or operation at flow rates lower than those established under
sub. (5) (c) may be considered by the department to be unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected facility. Operation at such values shall be reported to the department semiannually.
NR 440.445(7)(e)
(e) When the owner or operator of an EAF or AOD is required to demonstrate compliance with the standard under
sub. (6) (b) 2. or a combination of
sub. (6) (b) 1. and
2., the owner or operator shall obtain approval from the department of the procedure that will be used to determine compliance. Notification of the procedure to be used shall be postmarked at least 30 days prior to the performance test.
NR 440.445(7)(f)
(f) For the purpose of this section the owner or operator shall conduct the demonstration of compliance with
sub. (3) (a) and furnish the department a written report of the results of the test. This report shall include the following information:
NR 440.445(7)(f)3.
3. Make and model of process, control device, and continuous monitoring equipment;
NR 440.445(7)(f)4.
4. Flow diagram of process and emission capture equipment including other equipment or process(es) ducted to the same control device;
NR 440.445(7)(f)11.
11. Description of test methodology used, including any deviation from standard reference methods;
NR 440.445(7)(g)
(g) The owner or operator shall maintain records of all shop opacity observations in accordance with
sub. (4) (d). All shop opacity observations in excess of the emission limit specified in
sub. (3) (a) 3. shall indicate a period of excess emission, and shall be reported to the department semi-annually, according to
s. NR 440.07 (3).
NR 440.445(7)(h)
(h) The owner or operator shall maintain all the following records for each bag leak detection system required under
sub. (4) (e):
NR 440.445(7)(h)2.
2. Records of bag leak detection system adjustments, including the date and time of the adjustment, the initial bag leak detection system settings, and the final bag leak detection system settings.
NR 440.445(7)(h)3.
3. An identification of the date and time of all bag leak detection system alarms, the time that procedures to determine the cause of the alarm were initiated, if procedures were initiated within one hour of the alarm, the cause of the alarm, an explanation of the actions taken, the date and time the cause of the alarm was alleviated, and if the alarm was alleviated within 3 hours of the alarm.
NR 440.445 History
History: Cr.
Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; am. (2) (intro.), (3) (b), (4) (b) and (c), r. (5) (e) and (7) (d)
Register, September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90; r. and recr. (4) (c) and (6) (a) to (c), renum. (6) (d) to be (f) (f), r. (6) (e) and (f), cr. (6) (d) to (f), am. (7) (e),
Register, July, 1993, No. 451, eff. 8-1-93;
CR 06-109: am. (2) (a), (e) and (g), (4) (c), (5) (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (h) (intro.) and 4., (6) (e) 4. and (7) (e) and (f) 6. d., cr. (2) (am), (hm) and (om), (4) (d) to (f) and (7) (g) and (h) Register May 2008 No. 629, eff. 6-1-08. NR 440.45(1)
(1)
Applicability and designation of affected facility. NR 440.45(1)(a)(a) The provisions of this section are applicable to the following affected facilities in kraft pulp mills: digester system, brown stock washer system, multiple-effect evaporator system, recovery furnace, smelt dissolving tank, lime kiln and condensate stripper system. In pulp mills where kraft pulping is combined with neutral sulfite semichemical pulping, the provisions of this section are applicable when any portion of the material charged to an affected facility is produced by the kraft pulping operation.
NR 440.45(1)(b)
(b) Except as noted in
sub. (4) (a) 1. d., any facility under
par. (a) that commences construction or modification after September 24, 1976, is subject to the requirements of this section.
NR 440.45(2)
(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in
s. NR 440.02.
NR 440.45(2)(a)
(a) “Black liquor oxidation system" means the vessels used to oxidize, with air or oxygen, the black liquor, and associated storage tanks.
NR 440.45(2)(b)
(b) “Black liquor solids" means the dry weight of the solids which enter the recovery furnace in the black liquor.
NR 440.45(2)(c)
(c) “Brown stock washer system" means brown stock washers and associated knotters, vacuum pumps and filtrate tanks used to wash the pulp following the digester system. Diffusion washers are excluded from this definition.
NR 440.45(2)(d)
(d) “Condensate stripper system" means a column and associated condensers used to strip, with air or steam, TRS compounds from condensate streams from various processes within a kraft pulp mill.
NR 440.45(2)(e)
(e) “Cross recovery furnace" means a furnace used to recover chemicals consisting primarily of sodium and sulfur compounds by burning black liquor which on a quarterly basis contains more than 7 weight percent of the total pulp solids from the neutral sulfite semichemical process and has a green liquor sulfidity of more than 28%.
NR 440.45(2)(f)
(f) “Digester system" means each continuous digester or each batch digester used for the cooking of wood in white liquor, and associated flash tanks, blow tanks, chip steamers and condensers.
NR 440.45(2)(g)
(g) “Green liquor sulfidity" means the sulfidity of the liquor which leaves the smelt dissolving tank.
NR 440.45(2)(h)
(h) “Kraft pulp mill" means any stationary source which produces pulp from wood by cooking or digesting wood chips in a water solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide (white liquor) at high temperature and pressure. Regeneration of the cooking chemicals through a recovery process is also considered part of the kraft pulp mill.
NR 440.45(2)(i)
(i) “Lime kiln" means a unit used to calcine lime mud, which consists primarily of calcium carbonate, into quicklime, which is calcium oxide.
NR 440.45(2)(j)
(j) “Multiple-effect evaporator system" means the multiple-effect evaporators and associated condensers and hotwells used to concentrate the spent cooking liquid that is separated from the pulp (black liquor).
NR 440.45(2)(k)
(k) “Neutral sulfite semichemical pulping operation" means any operation in which pulp is produced from wood by cooking or digesting wood chips in a solution of sodium sulfite and sodium bicarbonate, followed by mechanical defibrating (grinding).
NR 440.45(2)(L)
(L) “Recovery furnace" means either a straight kraft recovery furnace or a cross recovery furnace, and includes the direct-contact evaporator for a direct-contact furnace.
NR 440.45(2)(m)
(m) “Smelt dissolving tank" means a vessel used for dissolving the smelt collected from the recovery furnace.
NR 440.45(2)(n)
(n) “Straight kraft recovery furnace" means a furnace used to recover chemicals consisting primarily of sodium and sulfur compounds by burning black liquor which on a quarterly basis contains 7 weight percent or less of the total pulp solids from the neutral sulfite semichemical process or has green liquor sulfidity of 28% or less.
NR 440.45(2)(o)
(o) “Total reduced sulfur" or “TRS" means the sum of the sulfur compounds hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide that are released during the kraft pulping operation and measured by Method 16 of
40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (1).
NR 440.45(3)(a)(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by
s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere:
NR 440.45(3)(a)1.a.
a. Contain particulate matter in excess of 0.10 g/dscm (0.044 gr/dscf) corrected to 8% oxygen.
NR 440.45(3)(a)2.
2. From any smelt dissolving tank any gases which contain particulate matter in excess of 0.10 g/kg black liquor solids, dry weight (0.20 lb/ton black liquor solids, dry weight).
NR 440.45(3)(a)3.
3. From any lime kiln any gases which contain particulate matter in excess of:
NR 440.45(3)(a)3.a.
a. 0.15 g/dscm (0.066 gr/dscf) corrected to 10% oxygen, when gaseous fossil fuel is burned.
NR 440.45(3)(a)3.b.
b. 0.30 g/dscm (0.13 gr/dscf) corrected to 10% oxygen, when liquid fossil fuel is burned.
NR 440.45(4)(a)(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by
s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere:
NR 440.45(4)(a)1.
1. From any digester system, brown stock washer system, multiple-effect evaporator system or condensate stripper system, any gases which contain TRS in excess of 5.0 ppm by volume on a dry basis, corrected to 10% oxygen, unless one of the following conditions is met:
NR 440.45(4)(a)1.c.
c. The gases are combusted with other waste gases in an incinerator or other device, or combusted in a lime kiln or recovery furnace not subject to the provisions of this section, and are subjected to a minimum temperature of 650
°C (1200
° F) for at least 0.5 second.
NR 440.45(4)(a)1.d.
d. It has been demonstrated to the department's satisfaction by the owner or operator that incinerating the exhaust gases from a new, modified or reconstructed brown stock washer system in an existing facility is technologically or economically not feasible. Any exempt system shall become subject to the provisions of this section if the facility is changed so that the gases can be incinerated.
